Subject descriptions
Each subject below includes its purpose, learning outcomes, main topics, practical task and assessment approach.
Academic Literacy and Study Practice
Stage 1: Foundations
Develop the reading, writing and evidence skills needed for study. You will examine reading strategies, argument structure, academic paragraphs. Write an evidence-based essay and document your revision decisions.
Learning outcomes
- Explain reading strategies in a relevant case.
- Analyse the relationship between argument structure and academic paragraphs.
- Produce a reasoned response addressing referencing, information checking and study planning.
Main topics
- Reading strategies
- Argument structure
- Academic paragraphs
- Referencing
- Information checking
- Study planning
Practical task
Write an evidence-based essay and document your revision decisions.
Assessment
Submit the practical output with supporting evidence and an individual written or oral explanation. Assessment considers subject knowledge, accuracy, reasoning and the quality of the completed work.
Digital Business Skills
Stage 1: Foundations
Use everyday digital tools to organise business information accurately. You will build reliable spreadsheets, manage documents and share work responsibly. Activities address uneven connectivity, accessible communication and the protection of personal information in small organisations and public offices.
Learning outcomes
- Build a checked spreadsheet
- Organise retrievable business documents
- Apply appropriate access permissions
Main topics
- File organisation
- Word processing
- Spreadsheet formulas
- Presentations
- Collaborative working
- Privacy and access
Practical task
Create a shared office information pack with formulas, document versions and access instructions.
Assessment
Assessment combines applied exercises, a documented case or practical portfolio and an individual written or oral explanation. Judgement considers technical accuracy, reasoning, evidence quality and the feasibility of recommendations.
Business Communication
Stage 1: Foundations
Prepare purposeful communication for colleagues, customers and decision makers. You will organise evidence, adjust tone for different audiences and check whether a message leads to the intended action. Examples include multilingual workplaces, professional correspondence and short management reports.
Learning outcomes
- Write a concise business report
- Record decisions and assigned actions
- Present evidence for a defined audience
Main topics
- Audience and purpose
- Professional correspondence
- Report structure
- Meeting records
- Presentations
- Intercultural communication
Practical task
Produce a report, meeting record and five-minute briefing about a service problem.
Assessment
Assessment combines applied exercises, a documented case or practical portfolio and an individual written or oral explanation. Judgement considers technical accuracy, reasoning, evidence quality and the feasibility of recommendations.
Philosophical Reasoning and Ethics
Stage 1: Foundations
Develop careful reasoning about knowledge and values. You will examine arguments, knowledge, moral reasoning. Write and defend a reasoned ethical argument.
Learning outcomes
- Explain arguments in a relevant case.
- Analyse the relationship between knowledge and moral reasoning.
- Produce a reasoned response addressing political values, african thought and critical dialogue.
Main topics
- Arguments
- Knowledge
- Moral reasoning
- Political values
- African thought
- Critical dialogue
Practical task
Write and defend a reasoned ethical argument.
Assessment
Submit the practical output with supporting evidence and an individual written or oral explanation. Assessment considers subject knowledge, accuracy, reasoning and the quality of the completed work.
Sociology of Education
Stage 1: Foundations
Examine how schools interact with inequality and social institutions. You will examine socialisation, school and family, class and inequality. Analyse a school-community case and propose a feasible response.
Learning outcomes
- Explain socialisation in a relevant case.
- Analyse the relationship between school and family and class and inequality.
- Produce a reasoned response addressing gender, language and social mobility.
Main topics
- Socialisation
- School and family
- Class and inequality
- Gender
- Language
- Social mobility
Practical task
Analyse a school-community case and propose a feasible response.
Assessment
Submit the practical output with supporting evidence and an individual written or oral explanation. Assessment considers subject knowledge, accuracy, reasoning and the quality of the completed work.
Microeconomics
Stage 1: Foundations
Study how households and firms make choices under scarcity. You will examine prices, incentives and market structures, then use diagrams and calculations to explain changes in behaviour. Examples include food markets, informal enterprises and access to essential services.
Learning outcomes
- Analyse a market change
- Calculate and interpret elasticity
- Compare competitive and concentrated markets
Main topics
- Scarcity and choice
- Demand and supply
- Elasticity
- Consumer choice
- Production and costs
- Market structures
Practical task
Explain a local price change using data, diagrams and alternative explanations.
Assessment
Assessment combines applied exercises, a documented case or practical portfolio and an individual written or oral explanation. Judgement considers technical accuracy, reasoning, evidence quality and the feasibility of recommendations.
Macroeconomics
Stage 1: Foundations
Examine output, employment, inflation and external trade at economy level. You will connect household and business conditions to fiscal, monetary and exchange-rate decisions. Work with published indicators while distinguishing nominal values, real changes and differences between national contexts.
Learning outcomes
- Interpret a macroeconomic indicator
- Explain a policy transmission process
- Distinguish nominal and real changes
Main topics
- National accounts
- Growth and employment
- Inflation
- Fiscal policy
- Money and banking
- External balance
Practical task
Prepare an economic conditions briefing comparing two Southern African economies.
Assessment
Assessment combines applied exercises, a documented case or practical portfolio and an individual written or oral explanation. Judgement considers technical accuracy, reasoning, evidence quality and the feasibility of recommendations.
Business Statistics
Stage 1: Foundations
Summarise data and judge the strength of numerical evidence. You will distinguish a population from a sample, choose appropriate summaries and interpret uncertainty. Business examples cover demand, customer service, workforce information and variation in operating performance.
Learning outcomes
- Select an appropriate data summary
- Interpret a confidence interval
- Explain limits of a correlation
Main topics
- Sampling
- Descriptive statistics
- Probability distributions
- Confidence intervals
- Hypothesis testing
- Correlation and regression
Practical task
Analyse an anonymised service dataset and write a short evidence report.
Assessment
Assessment combines applied exercises, a documented case or practical portfolio and an individual written or oral explanation. Judgement considers technical accuracy, reasoning, evidence quality and the feasibility of recommendations.
Business Information Systems
Stage 1: Foundations
Examine how information systems support transactions, coordination and decisions. You will map information flows, compare system requirements and recognise control weaknesses. Examples connect operational data with management reporting while considering security, user needs and the cost of maintaining dependable information.
Learning outcomes
- Map a business information flow
- Specify user requirements
- Identify an information control weakness
Main topics
- Business processes
- Information flows
- Transaction systems
- Management reporting
- System requirements
- Information controls
Practical task
Design an information-flow diagram and requirements brief for a small organisation.
Assessment
Assessment combines applied exercises, a documented case or practical portfolio and an individual written or oral explanation. Judgement considers technical accuracy, reasoning, evidence quality and the feasibility of recommendations.
Language in African Social and Legal Contexts
Stage 1: Foundations
Examine meaning and access in multilingual institutions. You will examine language and identity, meaning in context, multilingual interaction. Analyse a multilingual encounter using TjiKalanga and English examples where appropriate.
Learning outcomes
- Explain language and identity in a relevant case.
- Analyse the relationship between meaning in context and multilingual interaction.
- Produce a reasoned response addressing translation, institutional access and ethical communication.
Main topics
- Language and identity
- Meaning in context
- Multilingual interaction
- Translation
- Institutional access
- Ethical communication
Practical task
Analyse a multilingual encounter using TjiKalanga and English examples where appropriate.
Assessment
Submit the practical output with supporting evidence and an individual written or oral explanation. Assessment considers subject knowledge, accuracy, reasoning and the quality of the completed work.
Media and Communication Theory
Stage 2: Core subjects
Compare explanations of communication in social life. You will examine communication models, media institutions, audiences. Analyse a media case through two theories.
Learning outcomes
- Explain communication models in a relevant case.
- Analyse the relationship between media institutions and audiences.
- Produce a reasoned response addressing representation, power and digital change.
Main topics
- Communication models
- Media institutions
- Audiences
- Representation
- Power
- Digital change
Practical task
Analyse a media case through two theories.
Assessment
Submit the practical output with supporting evidence and an individual written or oral explanation. Assessment considers subject knowledge, accuracy, reasoning and the quality of the completed work.
Journalism and News Reporting
Stage 2: Core subjects
Develop accurate reporting around public-interest questions. You will examine news judgement, interviewing, verification. Produce a local news report and source-checking log.
Learning outcomes
- Explain news judgement in a relevant case.
- Analyse the relationship between interviewing and verification.
- Produce a reasoned response addressing story structure, attribution and corrections.
Main topics
- News judgement
- Interviewing
- Verification
- Story structure
- Attribution
- Corrections
Practical task
Produce a local news report and source-checking log.
Assessment
Submit the practical output with supporting evidence and an individual written or oral explanation. Assessment considers subject knowledge, accuracy, reasoning and the quality of the completed work.
Audio, Visual and Digital Media Production
Stage 2: Core subjects
Produce a coherent message through planned media work. You will examine audience, scripts, recording. Produce an accessible media package and production notes.
Learning outcomes
- Explain audience in a relevant case.
- Analyse the relationship between scripts and recording.
- Produce a reasoned response addressing editing, accessibility and distribution.
Main topics
- Audience
- Scripts
- Recording
- Editing
- Accessibility
- Distribution
Practical task
Produce an accessible media package and production notes.
Assessment
Submit the practical output with supporting evidence and an individual written or oral explanation. Assessment considers subject knowledge, accuracy, reasoning and the quality of the completed work.
Media Research and Audience Analysis
Stage 2: Core subjects
Investigate media use through a defined research question. You will examine audience questions, sampling, content analysis. Complete an ethical audience or content study.
Learning outcomes
- Explain audience questions in a relevant case.
- Analyse the relationship between sampling and content analysis.
- Produce a reasoned response addressing interviews, survey evidence and interpretation.
Main topics
- Audience questions
- Sampling
- Content analysis
- Interviews
- Survey evidence
- Interpretation
Practical task
Complete an ethical audience or content study.
Assessment
Submit the practical output with supporting evidence and an individual written or oral explanation. Assessment considers subject knowledge, accuracy, reasoning and the quality of the completed work.
Media Ethics and Law
Stage 2: Core subjects
Evaluate decisions through expression, rights and duties. You will examine expression, privacy, defamation. Prepare a reasoned editorial decision on a supplied scenario.
Learning outcomes
- Explain expression in a relevant case.
- Analyse the relationship between privacy and defamation.
- Produce a reasoned response addressing copyright, source protection and editorial accountability.
Main topics
- Expression
- Privacy
- Defamation
- Copyright
- Source protection
- Editorial accountability
Practical task
Prepare a reasoned editorial decision on a supplied scenario.
Assessment
Submit the practical output with supporting evidence and an individual written or oral explanation. Assessment considers subject knowledge, accuracy, reasoning and the quality of the completed work.
Consumer Behaviour
Stage 2: Core subjects
Examine how people choose, use and evaluate products and services. You will connect individual processes with household, cultural and social influences, then apply the analysis to marketing decisions. Cases require evidence-based interpretation and avoid stereotypes about regional or demographic groups.
Learning outcomes
- Analyse a consumer decision
- Assess a social influence
- Apply consumer evidence to an offer
Main topics
- Perception
- Motivation
- Learning
- Households
- Culture and reference groups
- Decision processes
Practical task
Prepare a consumer insight report from an ethical small-scale observation or supplied dataset.
Assessment
Assessment combines applied exercises, a documented case or practical portfolio and an individual written or oral explanation. Judgement considers technical accuracy, reasoning, evidence quality and the feasibility of recommendations.
Public Relations and Organisational Communication
Stage 2: Core subjects
Plan communication between an organisation and its publics. You will analyse stakeholder concerns, prepare media and internal communication materials and evaluate a response to a reputational issue. Activities emphasise accuracy, appropriate spokesperson roles and consistency between communication and organisational conduct.
Learning outcomes
- Map relevant publics
- Prepare a communication response
- Evaluate a public relations objective
Main topics
- Publics and stakeholders
- Media relations
- Internal communication
- Reputation
- Crisis communication
- Evaluation
Practical task
Produce a communication plan and briefing materials for a fictional organisational issue.
Assessment
Assessment combines applied exercises, a documented case or practical portfolio and an individual written or oral explanation. Judgement considers technical accuracy, reasoning, evidence quality and the feasibility of recommendations.
Multilingual Language Support
Stage 2: Core subjects
Develop home-language resources, additional-language development and inclusive dialogue. Use the foundation principles in more demanding teaching cases and evaluate the resulting learner evidence.
Learning outcomes
- Explain oral language in a relevant case.
- Analyse the relationship between phonics and word study and reading comprehension.
- Produce a reasoned response addressing writing development, multilingual support and literacy assessment.
Main topics
- Home-language resources
- Additional-language development and inclusive dialogue
- Writing development
- Multilingual support
- Literacy assessment
Practical task
Plan, teach and evaluate a supervised activity focused on home-language resources, additional-language development and inclusive dialogue.
Assessment
Submit the practical output with supporting evidence and an individual written or oral explanation. Assessment considers subject knowledge, accuracy, reasoning and the quality of the completed work.
Political and Development Communication
Stage 2: Core subjects
Plan public communication around participation and evidence. You will examine public audiences, campaigns, development communication. Produce a civic communication plan.
Learning outcomes
- Explain public audiences in a relevant case.
- Analyse the relationship between campaigns and development communication.
- Produce a reasoned response addressing political narratives, participation and evaluation.
Main topics
- Public audiences
- Campaigns
- Development communication
- Political narratives
- Participation
- Evaluation
Practical task
Produce a civic communication plan.
Assessment
Submit the practical output with supporting evidence and an individual written or oral explanation. Assessment considers subject knowledge, accuracy, reasoning and the quality of the completed work.
Integrated Marketing Communication
Stage 2: Core subjects
Coordinate communication activities around a clear audience and objective. You will develop messages, select channels and assess how advertising, promotion and public relations work together. The module connects creative choices with budget, accessibility, responsible claims and measurable communication results.
Learning outcomes
- Develop a communication brief
- Integrate suitable channels
- Evaluate campaign performance
Main topics
- Communication objectives
- Message design
- Advertising
- Sales promotion
- Public relations
- Campaign evaluation
Practical task
Produce an integrated campaign proposal with sample messages and evaluation measures.
Assessment
Assessment combines applied exercises, a documented case or practical portfolio and an individual written or oral explanation. Judgement considers technical accuracy, reasoning, evidence quality and the feasibility of recommendations.
Digital Marketing
Stage 3: Specialist subjects and application
Plan marketing activity across digital channels using clear objectives and reliable evidence. You will examine search, content, social platforms and email, then build measures for a customer journey. The module includes privacy, accessibility and the careful interpretation of platform-reported results.
Learning outcomes
- Plan a digital customer journey
- Develop channel-specific content
- Interpret campaign measures
Main topics
- Digital strategy
- Content
- Search
- Social channels
- Analytics and privacy
Practical task
Create a digital campaign portfolio with content examples and a measurement plan.
Assessment
Assessment combines applied exercises, a documented case or practical portfolio and an individual written or oral explanation. Judgement considers technical accuracy, reasoning, evidence quality and the feasibility of recommendations.
Brand Management
Stage 3: Specialist subjects and application
Develop and evaluate the identity and meaning of a brand for its audiences. You will examine positioning, brand architecture and consistency across touchpoints. Cases connect brand decisions with evidence about customers, organisational delivery and the responsible use of cultural associations.
Learning outcomes
- Define a brand position
- Assess brand consistency
- Recommend a brand measure
Main topics
- Brand identity
- Positioning
- Brand equity
- Architecture
- Touchpoints
- Brand evaluation
Practical task
Prepare a brand review and a practical identity and positioning proposal.
Assessment
Assessment combines applied exercises, a documented case or practical portfolio and an individual written or oral explanation. Judgement considers technical accuracy, reasoning, evidence quality and the feasibility of recommendations.
Community Development Practice
Stage 3: Specialist subjects and application
Work with communities to plan collective action. You will examine community entry, participation, needs and assets. Develop a participatory action plan using a realistic case.
Learning outcomes
- Explain community entry in a relevant case.
- Analyse the relationship between participation and needs and assets.
- Produce a reasoned response addressing local organisations, action planning and reflection.
Main topics
- Community entry
- Participation
- Needs and assets
- Local organisations
- Action planning
- Reflection
Practical task
Develop a participatory action plan using a realistic case.
Assessment
Submit the practical output with supporting evidence and an individual written or oral explanation. Assessment considers subject knowledge, accuracy, reasoning and the quality of the completed work.
Public Policy Analysis
Stage 3: Specialist subjects and application
Analyse policy problems through evidence and alternatives. You will examine problem framing, policy actors, options. Prepare a policy brief comparing practical alternatives.
Learning outcomes
- Explain problem framing in a relevant case.
- Analyse the relationship between policy actors and options.
- Produce a reasoned response addressing policy instruments, implementation and evaluation.
Main topics
- Problem framing
- Policy actors
- Options
- Policy instruments
- Implementation
- Evaluation
Practical task
Prepare a policy brief comparing practical alternatives.
Assessment
Submit the practical output with supporting evidence and an individual written or oral explanation. Assessment considers subject knowledge, accuracy, reasoning and the quality of the completed work.
Gender, Diversity and Social Inclusion
Stage 3: Specialist subjects and application
Examine unequal participation in institutions and communities. You will examine gender relations, intersectionality, discrimination. Review a programme for barriers to equitable participation.
Learning outcomes
- Explain gender relations in a relevant case.
- Analyse the relationship between intersectionality and discrimination.
- Produce a reasoned response addressing representation, inclusive practice and evidence.
Main topics
- Gender relations
- Intersectionality
- Discrimination
- Representation
- Inclusive practice
- Evidence
Practical task
Review a programme for barriers to equitable participation.
Assessment
Submit the practical output with supporting evidence and an individual written or oral explanation. Assessment considers subject knowledge, accuracy, reasoning and the quality of the completed work.
Monitoring and Evaluation
Stage 3: Specialist subjects and application
Build evidence systems for programme decisions. You will examine theory of change, indicators, baselines. Prepare a monitoring plan and evaluation questions.
Learning outcomes
- Explain theory of change in a relevant case.
- Analyse the relationship between indicators and baselines.
- Produce a reasoned response addressing data collection, analysis and use of findings.
Main topics
- Theory of change
- Indicators
- Baselines
- Data collection
- Analysis
- Use of findings
Practical task
Prepare a monitoring plan and evaluation questions.
Assessment
Submit the practical output with supporting evidence and an individual written or oral explanation. Assessment considers subject knowledge, accuracy, reasoning and the quality of the completed work.
Research Methods and Evidence Analysis
Stage 3: Specialist subjects and application
Plan an enquiry suited to a specific social or organisational question. You will compare qualitative and quantitative approaches, prepare ethical data collection and assess evidence quality. The module connects research questions to sampling, analysis and clear reporting of uncertainty and limitations.
Learning outcomes
- Formulate a research question
- Select a defensible research design
- Prepare an ethical data collection plan
Main topics
- Research questions
- Literature review
- Design choices
- Sampling
- Ethics
- Data analysis
Practical task
Submit a research proposal, instruments and a worked analysis of a pilot dataset.
Assessment
Assessment combines applied exercises, a documented case or practical portfolio and an individual written or oral explanation. Judgement considers technical accuracy, reasoning, evidence quality and the feasibility of recommendations.
Workplace Learning and Professional Portfolio
Stage 3: Specialist subjects and application
Connect taught subjects with supervised or carefully designed simulated professional work. You will agree learning objectives, record tasks and evaluate your decisions against evidence. The portfolio makes your individual contribution visible and identifies areas requiring further practice or specialist supervision.
Learning outcomes
- Set assessable workplace objectives
- Document your contribution
- Evaluate professional learning needs
Main topics
- Learning agreement
- Professional conduct
- Work evidence
- Supervisor feedback
- Reflective analysis
- Improvement planning
Practical task
Compile a verified or simulated workplace portfolio with supervisor or facilitator feedback.
Assessment
Assessment combines applied exercises, a documented case or practical portfolio and an individual written or oral explanation. Judgement considers technical accuracy, reasoning, evidence quality and the feasibility of recommendations.
Integrated Business Research Project
Stage 3: Specialist subjects and application
Investigate a defined business problem by combining knowledge from several management subjects. You will frame a useful question, gather appropriate evidence and compare feasible responses. The final report explains the recommendation, implementation implications and limitations of the enquiry rather than claiming certainty.
Learning outcomes
- Frame a researchable business problem
- Analyse relevant evidence
- Defend a feasible recommendation
Main topics
- Problem definition
- Research ethics
- Evidence collection
- Analysis
- Recommendations
- Implementation evaluation
Practical task
Complete an individual business investigation and present the resulting improvement proposal.
Assessment
Assessment combines applied exercises, a documented case or practical portfolio and an individual written or oral explanation. Judgement considers technical accuracy, reasoning, evidence quality and the feasibility of recommendations.
African History and Pan Africanism 101
Compulsory core module · Level 1
Study African history through oral, written and archaeological evidence. Examine the diversity of African societies, knowledge and exchange, then trace the emergence of Pan African ideas about identity, solidarity and self-determination.
Learning outcomes
- Place selected African societies and events within a supported historical timeline.
- Compare historical sources and identify perspective, evidence and uncertainty.
- Explain the foundations of Pan Africanism and the contributions of Africans and the diaspora.
Main topics
- Historical inquiry, chronology, oral traditions and source evaluation
- African civilisations, states, trade, livelihoods and knowledge systems
- Southern African history, including Mapungubgwe and Great Zimbabwe
- Slavery, the African diaspora and changing ideas about identity
- Origins of Pan Africanism, solidarity, self-determination and cultural expression
Practical task
Create an annotated timeline or digital learning poster on a selected African society or historical development. Compare at least two credible sources and explain one connection with your field of study.
Assessment
Submit the timeline or poster, an annotated source list and a short explanation of the evidence. Assessment considers chronology, historical accuracy, source judgement and the clarity of your interpretation.
Learning resources
African History and Pan Africanism 201
Compulsory core module · Level 2
Examine colonial change, resistance and liberation across Africa, with attention to Zimbabwe and South Africa. Compare Pan African movements, organisations and debates, including contributions from women, workers and diaspora communities.
Learning outcomes
- Analyse the effects of colonial rule on land, labour, institutions and social relations.
- Compare liberation movements and Pan African arguments using contextual evidence.
- Explain how different groups shaped independence, solidarity and debates about freedom.
Main topics
- Colonial rule, land, labour, education and forms of resistance
- Nationalism, liberation and the end of colonial rule and apartheid
- Pan African congresses, organisations and contrasting interpretations
- Women, labour movements and diaspora participation
- The Organisation of African Unity and debates about unity, sovereignty and development
Practical task
Develop a comparative case study of a liberation issue or Pan African debate relevant to Southern Africa. Use a historical document alongside a scholarly account and explain differences in purpose and interpretation.
Assessment
Submit the case study, a source comparison and a reflection on your conclusions. Assessment considers context, evidence, recognition of different perspectives and the quality of your argument.
Learning resources
African History and Pan Africanism 301
Compulsory core module · Level 3
Evaluate the legacy of Pan Africanism in continental and regional cooperation, culture and public life. Apply historical inquiry to a heritage, community or professional issue, recognising both achievements and contested interpretations.
Learning outcomes
- Evaluate continuity and change from the Organisation of African Unity to the African Union.
- Assess a contemporary Pan African issue using historical evidence and contrasting views.
- Develop an ethical, well-sourced project connecting African history with your field or community.
Main topics
- The African Union, regional cooperation and Southern African integration
- Agenda 2063, development and debates about continental priorities
- Citizenship, migration, diaspora connections and cultural exchange
- African knowledge, heritage, public history and contested narratives
- Research ethics, source attribution and evaluation of a community or professional project
Practical task
Prepare a sourced heritage or civic-learning project connected with your field or a Southern African community. Explain its historical basis, audience, permission needs and limits. Obtain consent if you conduct interviews.
Assessment
Submit a project brief, an annotated source portfolio, a public-facing learning resource and an evaluation of your interpretation. Assessment considers evidence, ethical practice, historical reasoning and usefulness to the intended audience.

