Examine colonial change, resistance and liberation across Africa, with attention to Zimbabwe and South Africa. Compare Pan African movements, organisations and debates, including contributions from women, workers and diaspora communities.

Learning outcomes

  • Analyse the effects of colonial rule on land, labour, institutions and social relations.
  • Compare liberation movements and Pan African arguments using contextual evidence.
  • Explain how different groups shaped independence, solidarity and debates about freedom.

Main topics

  • Colonial rule, land, labour, education and forms of resistance
  • Nationalism, liberation and the end of colonial rule and apartheid
  • Pan African congresses, organisations and contrasting interpretations
  • Women, labour movements and diaspora participation
  • The Organisation of African Unity and debates about unity, sovereignty and development

Practical task

Develop a comparative case study of a liberation issue or Pan African debate relevant to Southern Africa. Use a historical document alongside a scholarly account and explain differences in purpose and interpretation.

Assessment

Submit the case study, a source comparison and a reflection on your conclusions. Assessment considers context, evidence, recognition of different perspectives and the quality of your argument.

Learning resources

Last modified: Tuesday, 13 October 2026, 10:02 AM